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Когда используется for а since. Упражнение For, during или since

Они выражают длительность действия или ситуации. Разница между ними четкая, но многие почему-то путают эти предлоги. Не беда, ознакомившись с примерами и выполнив упражнения, вы разберетесь!

Как используются for и since?

Например:

Разница между for и since.

Как вы уже поняли, for переводится как на протяжении, в течение, а since – с (какого времени), с момента

For + промежуток времени
Since + отправная точка

Чаще всего предлоги for и since употребляются с временами и

I have been running for 2 hours. – Я бегу уже два часа. (Present Perfect Continuous)

I have not seen you since college. – Я не видела тебя со времен колледжа. (Present Perfect)

Since употребляется в случае, если отправной точкой служит не момент времени, а другое действие.

It"s ages since I met you. – Прошло много лет с тех пор, как мы встретились.

Перед тем, как приступить к упражнениям, резюмирует разницу между for и since .

Упражнения for и since. Since / for exercises.

Упражнение 1. Add since or for.

Five days

Two years

Four months

Last week

Six weeks

Ten minutes

Ten o"clock

Упражнение 2. What is Katrin saying? Add for ago, or since.

I"m Australian. I was born in Canberra. I lived in Canberra (1) _______ sixteen years. Then my family moved to Melbourne. I lived there (2) ________ two years. Then I moved to Sydney. I"ve lived there (3) _______ 1990. I work for a travel agency. I started working there a year (4) ______. I"m married to Jack. We got married three years (5) _______. We have a house in Sydney. We"ve had the house (6) ______ two years.

Упражнение 3. Вставьте since или for.

Meredith has lived here _________ 1997.
Meredith has lived here _________ eighteen years.
John has had the ball_________ last July.
He has had the ball _________ eight months.
Molly has liked fairy-tales _________ she was a tiny baby.
Steven has been a worker_________ he left school
We have had three tests _________ Tuesday.
The couple have stayed here _________ three days.
I have had my player _________ ten weeks.
Molly has had the player_________ Christmas.

Ответы

since ten o"clock

1 for, 2 for, 3 since, 4 ago, 5 ago, 6 for

1 since, 2 for, 3 since, 4 for, 5 since, 6 since, 7 since, 8 for, 9 for, 10 since

Еще несколько упражнений на since и for Вы можете найти в статье .

Надеюсь, Вы поняли, в чем разница между for и since и научились правильно употреблять эти предлоги времени.

9 Form

Present Perfect Tense

1. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect .

He _____ (finish) training.

She _____ (score) twenty points in the match.

We _____ (watch) all the Champions League matches this season.

That"s amazing! She _____ (run) fifteen kilometers this morning!

She _____ (buy) some really nice rollerblades!

Oh, no! I _____ (lose) my money!

My mum _____ (write) shopping list. It"s on the kitchen table.

Dad, you _____ (eat) my biscuit!

I’m tired. I _____ (watch) three X-Files videos.

Hurry up! They _____ (start) the film!

Mary _____ (study) hard this year, so she"ll pass her exams.

Oh no! She _____ (drop) the plate!

The garden is very green. It _____ (rain) a lot this month.

These are my favourite trousers. I _____ (have) them for five years.

Tom"s my best friend. I _____ (know) him for three years.

They _____ (live) in Miami for two years.

Jo has earache. He _____ (have) it since 7 o"clock.

Brad _____ (live) in Chicago since 1998.

2. Дополните предложения словами for или since . Complete the sentences. Use for or since.

I"ve lived in Washington __ ___ 1997.

Ben has studied English _____ three years.

They haven"t visited their grandparents _____ months.

Julie"s ill. She"s been in bed _____ Tuesday.

My dad has had his car_____ sixteen.

It"s been ten years_____ we moved to Oxford.

3. Расставьте слова по порядку. Переведите получившиеся предложения.

have – Britain – several – I – to – times – been

Spain – since – she – lived – in – 1994 – has

five – married – have – they – years – been – for

I – coffee – made – already – for – have – you

never – Bob – a bike – has – had

4. Поставьте наречия из скобок в нужное место.

Have you washed your hands? (already)

We have phoned the doctor. (just)

Has she ridden a horse? (ever)

I have danced the tango. (never)

The train hasn’t arrived. (yet)

9 Form

Present Perfect Tense

Упражнение 1 . Пользуясь опорными словами, a также словами for и since составьте предложения в Present Perfect Simple.

Kate/be/in bed/a long time.

She / not eat / anything / this morning.

She / not see / her friends / a week.

She / stay / at home / Tuesday.

She / have / a red nose / three days.

She / not play / basketball / last weekend.

She / not do / any school work / Monday.

Упражнение 2 . В письме есть 4 ошибки на использование for и since. Найдите и исправьте их . These are some sentences from Nigel’s letter home from Africa. He has made four mistakes in using ‘for’ and ‘since’. Correct his mistakes.

Dear Mum and Dad,

I"ve lived in Africa since two weeks and I love it! Africa is beautiful! I haven’t travelled to any faraway place for last summer. I’m so happy now!

I’ve already seen Mr. Rambler. He is working for WWF here and taking photos of wild animals. I haven’t seen any lions yet. I think I’ll see them later.

Thank you for the trip. I’ve dreamed of Kenya for my childhood. I haven’t seen you since ages! I miss you so much!

Love, Nigel.

Ответы:

Упражнение 1

1 has finished, 2 has scored, 3 have watched, 4 has run, 5 has bought, 6 have lost, 7 has written, 8 have eaten, 9 have watched, 10 have started, 11 has studied, 12 has dropped, 13 has rained, 14 have had, 15 have known, 16 have lived, 17 has had, 18 has lived.

Упражнение 2

for two weeks

since last summer

since my childhood

for ages

Упражнение 3

1 since, 2 for, 3 for, 4 since, 5 since, 6 since

Упражнение 4

Kate has been in bed for a long time.

She hasn’t eaten anything since this morning.

She hasn’t seen her friends for a week.

She has stayed at home since Tuesday.

She has had a red nose for three days.

She has not played basketball since last week.

She has not done any school work since Monday.

Таблица: Предлоги for и since

Sam has been in England for six months. He has been in England since March. Сэм в Англии шесть месяцев. Он в Англии с марта.
We’ve been waiting for an hour. We’ve been waiting since 11 o’clock. Мы ждем уже час. Мы ждем с 11 часов.
I’ve lived in Berlin for a long time. I’ve lived in Berlin since I was ten years old. Я жил в Берлине долгое время. Я жил в Берлине с тех пор как мне исполнилось десять лет.

2

В английском языке слово ago переводится как “тому назад” и употребляется с формой прошедшего простого времени (Past Simple):

Robert started his new job a month ago (Неправильно: Robert has started …). Роберт начал работать месяц назад.
When did Grace go out? Five minutes ago. Когда ушла Грейс? Пять минут назад.
I had breakfast an hour ago. Я позавтракал час назад.
Life was very different fifty years ago. Жизнь была совершенно другой пятьдесят лет назад.

Не путайте предлог for и наречие ago. В первом случае мы обозначаем, как долго длилось событие, во втором - когда оно совершилось. Сравните:

When did Monica arrive in Greece? She arrived in Greece three days ago. Когда Моника приехала в Грецию? Она приехала в Грецию три дня назад.
How long has she been in Greece? She has been in Greece for three days. Как долго она была в Греции? Она была в Греции три дня.

Утвердительные предложения в Present Perfect Tense. Упражнения.

Упражнение 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect.

He _____ (finish) training.
She _____ (score) twenty points in the match.
We _____ (watch) all the Champions League matches this season.
That"s amazing! She _____ (run) fifteen kilometers this morning!
She _____ (buy) some really nice rollerblades!
Oh, no! I _____ (lose) my money!
My mum _____ (write) shopping list. It"s on the kitchen table.
Dad, you _____ (eat) my biscuit!
I’m tired. I _____ (watch) three X-Files videos.
Hurry up! They _____ (start) the film!
Mary _____ (study) hard this year, so she"ll pass her exams.
Oh no! She _____ (drop) the plate!
The garden is very green. It _____ (rain) a lot this month.
These are my favourite trousers. I _____ (have) them for five years.
Tom"s my best friend. I _____ (know) him for three years.
They _____ (live) in Miami for two years.
Jo has earache. He _____ (have) it since 7 o"clock.
Brad _____ (live) in Chicago since 1998.

Отрицательные предложения в Present Perfect Simple. Упражнения.

Упражнение 3. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect negative.

I _____ (not clean) my football boots.
They _____ (not start) their meal.
I _____ (not do) my homework.
He _____ (not win) all his matches this year.
My brother and I _____ (not see) any films this week.
It"s my birthday party today. I _____ (not invite) many people.
He _____ (not wash) his hands. They"re very dirty.
Mum"s really angry. We _____ (not tidy) our room!
I can"t play with my friends this evening. I _____ (not finish) my homework.
I _____ (not visit) New York for three years.
Where"s Alison? We _____ (not see) her since yesterday.
Dad _____ (not take) a holiday since last August.
John _____ (not play) the violin since he was school.

For или since?

Упражнение 4. В письме есть 4 ошибки на использование for и since. Найдите и исправьте их. These are some sentences from Nigel’s letter home from Africa. He has made four mistakes in using ‘for’ and ‘since’. Correct his mistakes.

Dear Mum and Dad,

I"ve lived in Africa since two weeks and I love it! Africa is beautiful! I haven’t travelled to any faraway place for last summer. I’m so happy now!

I’ve already seen Mr. Rambler. He is working for WWF here and taking photos of wild animals. I haven’t seen any lions yet. I think I’ll see them later.

Thank you for the trip. I’ve dreamed of Kenya for my childhood. I haven’t seen you since ages! I miss you so much!

Love, Nigel.

Упражнение 5. Дополните предложения словами for или since. Complete the sentences. Use for or since.

I"ve lived in Washington _____ 1997.
Ben has studied English _____ three years.
They haven"t visited their grandparents _____ months.
Julie"s ill. She"s been in bed _____ Tuesday.
My dad has had his car_____ sixteen.
It"s been ten years_____ we moved to Oxford.

Упражнение 6. Пользуясь опорными словами, a также словами for и since составьте предложения в Present Perfect Simple.

Kate/be/in bed/a long time.
She / not eat / anything / this morning.
She / not see / her friends / a week.
She / stay / at home / Tuesday.
She / have / a red nose / three days.
She / not play / basketball / last weekend.
She / not do / any school work / Monday.

Больше упражнений на for и since .

Вопросительные предложения в Present Perfect Tense. Упражнения.

Упражнение 7. Zork и Zena – инопланетяне, впервые прилетевшие на Землю. Они составили список дел. Напишите вопросы и ответы о том, что они уже сделали, а чего пока нет.

Пример:

Zork (eat) a hamburger?

Has Zork eaten a hamburger?

Yes, he has.

Zork and Zena (drink) a cola?

Have Zork and Zena drunk a cola?

No, they haven"t.

Zena (see) a film?
Zork and Zena (speak) English?
Zork (swim) in the sea?
Zena (visit) the Acropolis?
Zork and Zena (drive) a car?

Упражнение 8. Напишите вопросы в Present Perfect, используя глаголы в скобках. Дайте правдивые ответы.

Пример:

(eat Italian food)

Have you ever eaten Italian food?

Lots of times.

1 (ski)

- ______________________

2 (win money)

- ______________________

3 (have a dream)

- ______________________

4 (break a leg)

- ______________________

5 (go to a concert)

- ______________________

Упражнение 9. Дополните диалог вопросами и ответами в Present Perfect.

Reporter: (you do) Have you done a lot of training this year?

Trish: Yes, I have. I have trained six times a week all year.

Reporter: Who ______________ (1 you train) with?

Trish: With my coach, and the team.

Reporter: Where ______________ (2 you play) this year?

Trish: Mostly in Britain. But we"ve also travelled to Holland.

Reporter: ______________ (3 you win) many matches?

Trish: Yes, we (4) ______________ .

Reporter: And how many matches ______________ (5 you lose)?

Trish: Only three.

Reporter: That"s great. ______________ (6 you have) any injuries?

Trish: No, I ______________ (7) .

Reporter: Thanks, Trish, and good luck.

Упражнение 10. Напишите вопросы с How long. Дополните ответы, используя for или since. Write questions with How long. Complete the answers with for or since.

Пример:

I live in London.

How long have you lived in London?

For three years.

1 He"s a teacher.

____________________

September.

2 My parents work in a shop.

____________________

1992.

3 My sister knows Robbie Williams.

____________________

Six months.

4 We"ve got a new car.

____________________

Two weeks.

Комплексные упражнения на использование Present Perfect Simple.

Упражнение 11. Заполните письмо Джейн глаголами в Present Perfect. Complete Jane"s letter to her American friend. Use the Present Perfect Tense.

Dear Amy

I _____ (1 not have) a letter from you for a long time. _____ (2 you lose) my address? I bought the new Steps CD at the weekend. I _____ (3 already listen) to it. _____ (4 you hear) it yet? It’s brilliant. There’s a new video too, but I _____ (5 not see) it yet.

School is going OK. I _____ (6 just finish) some exams, but the holidays _____ (7 not start) yet. We’re going to Ireland. I _____ (8 never be) there.

Write soon with your news.

Love

Jane

Упражнение 12. Ник готовится к путешествию. Он собирается навестить бабушку.

Ознакомьтесь со списком дел, которые ник планирует сделать до отъезда. Напишите, что он уже сделал, а что нет. Используйте alreadyи yet. Nick is getting ready to travel. He is going to visit his Granny. Read the list of things he must do before travelling. Write what he has done and what he hasn’t done.

THINGS TO DO

to pack suitcases (+)
to water flowers (+)
to take my library book back
to say ‘good-bye’ to Nigel (+)
to clean my shoes
to call Granny (+)
to buy some food and drinks (+)
to clean the parrot’s cage
to change the water for the fish
to buy a present for Granny (+)

Ответы.

Упражнение 1

base form

past simple

past participle

lose

swim

take

write

bought

lost

swam

took

wrote

bought

done

eaten

lost

swum

taken

written

Упражнение 2

Упражнение 3

1 have not cleaned, 2 haven’t started, 3 have not done, 4 hasn’t won, 5 haven’t seen, 6 haven’t invited, 7 has not washed, 8 haven’t tidied, 9 haven’t finished, 10 have not visited, 11 haven’t seen, 12 hasn’t taken, 13 has not played.

Упражнение 4.

for two weeks
since last summer
since my childhood
for ages

Упражнение 5

1 since, 2 for, 3 for, 4 since, 5 since, 6 since

Упражнение 6.

Kate has been in bed for a long time.
She hasn’t eaten anything since this morning.
She hasn’t seen her friends for a week.
She has stayed at home since Tuesday.
She has had a red nose for three days.
She has not played basketball since last week.
She has not done any school work since Monday.

Упражнение 7.

Has Zena seen a film? Yes, she has.
Have Zork and Zena spoken English? Yes, they have.
Has Zork swum in the sea? No, he hasn’t.
Has Zena visited the Acropolis? Yes, she has.
Have Zork and Zena driven a car? No, they haven’t.

Упражнение 8.

Вопросы:

Have you ever…

skied?
won money?
had a dream?
broken a leg?
gone to a concert?

Ответы Ваши собственные.

Упражнение 9.

1 have you trained, 2 have you played, 3 have you won, 4 have, 5 have you lost, 6 have you had, 7 haven’t.

Упражнение 10.

How long has he been a teacher? He has been a teacher since September.
How long have they worked in a shop? They have worked in a shop since 1992.
How long has she known Robbie Williams? She has known him for six month.
How long have you got a new car. We have got a new car for two weeks.

Упражнение 11.

1 haven’t had, 2 have you lost, 3 have already listened, 4 have you heard 5 haven’t seen, 6 have just finished, 7 haven’t started, 8 have never been

Упражнение 12

Nick has already packed the suitcases (+)

Nick has already watered flowers (+)

Nick hasn’t taken his library book back yet.

Nick has already said ‘good-bye’ to Nigel (+)

Nick hasn’t cleaned his shoes yet.

Nick has already called his Granny (+)

Nick has already bought some food and drinks (+)

Nick hasn’t cleaned the parrot’s cage yet.

Nick hasn’t changed the water for the fish yet.

Nick has already bought a present for his Granny (+)

Привет, Друзья. Настоящее совершённое время образуется при помощи глагола have / has + Past participle (причастие прошедшего времени)

Present perfect описывает действия, которые произошли в какой-либо неуказанный момент в прошлом, точный момент совершения действия не важен, важен сам факт его совершения.

Схема образования Present Perfect

Основные случаи и ситуации применения Present perfect:

— опыт
— перемены в течение времени- достижения
— невыполненное ожидаемое действие
— частые действия в прошлом

Упражнения на Present Perfect

Упражнение 1. Дополните предложения правильной формой Present Perfect.

I know who your boss is. I (work) for him.
Look! Somebody already (broke) the tree.
Mary (go) to Moskow, but she’ll be back next Monday at the latest.
Andy is in hospital now. He (have) a bad crash.
Jane is crying. She (hurt) her knee.

Упражнение 2. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect.

He _____ (finish) training.
She _____ (score) twenty points in the match.
We _____ (watch) all the Champions League matches this season.
That’s amazing! She _____ (run) fifteen kilometers this morning!
She _____ (buy) some really nice rollerblades!
Oh, no! I _____ (lose) my money!
My mum _____ (write) shopping list. It’s on the kitchen table.
Dad, you _____ (eat) my biscuit!
I’m tired. I _____ (watch) three X-Files videos.
Hurry up! They _____ (start) the film!
Mary _____ (study) hard this year, so she’ll pass her exams.
Oh no! She _____ (drop) the plate!
The garden is very green. It _____ (rain) a lot this month.
These are my favourite trousers. I _____ (have) them for five years.
Tom’s my best friend. I _____ (know) him for three years.
They _____ (live) in Miami for two years.
Jo has earache. He _____ (have) it since 7 o’clock.
Brad _____ (live) in Chicago since 1998.

Упражнение 3. Поставьте глаголы в скобках в Present Perfect negative.

I _____ (not clean) my football boots.
They _____ (not start) their meal.
I _____ (not do) my homework.
He _____ (not win) all his matches this year.
My brother and I _____ (not see) any films this week.
It’s my birthday party today. I _____ (not invite) many people.
He _____ (not wash) his hands. They’re very dirty.
Mum’s really angry. We _____ (not tidy) our room!
I can’t play with my friends this evening. I _____ (not finish) my homework.
I _____ (not visit) New York for three years.
Where’s Alison? We _____ (not see) her since yesterday.
Dad _____ (not take) a holiday since last August.
John _____ (not play) the violin since he was school.

Упражнение 4. Расставьте слова по порядку. Переведите получившиеся предложения.

have – Britain – several – I – to – times – been
Spain – since – she – lived – in – 1994 – has
five – married – have – they – years – been – for
I – coffee – made – already – for – have – you
never – Bob – a bike – has – had

Упражнение 5. Поставьте наречия из скобок в нужное место.

Have you washed your hands? (already)
We have phoned the doctor. (just)
Has she ridden a horse? (ever)
I have danced the tango. (never)
The train hasn’t arrived. (yet)

Упражнение 6. Переведите предложения:

Я ещё никогда не был за границей.
Мои родители уже переехали в новую квартиру.
Он ещё не закончил уборку. Когда я был в командировке, я познакомился с прекрасной девушкой.
Я видел эту комедию трижды.
Ты уже читал сегодняшнюю газету?
Мы играли в компьютерные игры с 1 до 3.

Ответы

Упражнение 1

have worked
has already broken
has gone
has had
has hurt

Упражнение 2

1 has finished,
2 has scored,
3 have watched,
4 has run,
5 has bought,
6 have lost,
7 has written,
8 have eaten,
9 have watched,
10 have started,
11 has studied,
12 has dropped,
13 has rained,
14 have had,
15 have known,
16 have lived,
17 has had,
18 has lived.

Упражнение 3

1 have not cleaned,
2 haven’t started,
3 have not done,
4 hasn’t won,
5 haven’t seen,
6 haven’t invited,
7 has not washed,
8 haven’t tidied,
9 haven’t finished,
10 have not visited,
11 haven’t seen,
12 hasn’t taken,
13 has not played.

Упражнение 4